Novelty textile yarns

ABSTRACT

A novelty core yarn comprising a continuous filamentary glass core, preferably texturized, provided with a sheath consisting of a roving of textile fibers having flame-resistant properties. The sheath may consist of a roving of modacrylic textile fibers having inherent, built-in flame-resistance and composed of a copolymer of acrylonitrile with vinylidene chloride, vinyl chloride or both.

United States Patent 1 Sayers et al.

[ 1 NOVELTY TEXTILE YARNS [75] Inventors: Leslie W. Sayers,Macclesficld;

21 Appl. No.: 17,315

[52] US. Cl ..'.....57/144, 57/140 G [51] Int. Cl. ..D02g 3/02, D02g3/38 [58] Field of Search ..57/140 G, 139, 157, 57/160, 144; 28/] V [56]References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,230,271 2/1941 Simpson ..57/1402,769,300 11/1956 Luttge ..57/144 X 3,410,077 11/1968 Murzocchi et a1...57/l40 UX [451 May 1, 1973 2,217,049 10/1940 Greenleaf ..57/140 UX2,424,743 7/1947 Davis ..57/140 UX 2,951,277 9/1960 Youngs ..57/140 UX3,350,872 11/1967 Abdel-Moniem ..57/157 3,395,527 8/1968 Longley...57/144 X 3,491,527 1/1970 Irwin et a1. ..57/14O 2,262,861 4/1941Rugeley et al. .....57/14O G UX 2,313,058 3/1943 Francis l ..57/140 G UX2,475,083 7/1949 Davis ..57/140 G UX 2,603,620 7/1952 Walter et a1...28/] V UX Primary Examiner-Donald E. Watkins Attorney-Davis, Hoxie,Faithful]. & Hapgood [5 7] ABSTRACT A novelty core yarn comprising acontinuous filamentary glass core, preferably texturized, provided witha sheath consisting of a roving of textile fibers having flame-resistantproperties. The sheath may consist of a roving of modacrylic textilefibers having inherent, built-in flame-resistance and composed of acopolymer of acrylonitrile with vinylidene chloride, vinyl chloride orboth.

4 Claims, No Drawings This invention relates to novelty textile yarnsand to fabrics made from such yarns. An important object of the presentinvention is a novelty type yam having improved flame-resistanceproperties and giving woven and knitted fabrics which are bothflame-resistant and dimensionally stable.

Core yarns are already known in which a core yarn, for example a spandextype yarn (see for example US. Pat. No. 3,017,740) or a conventionalcontinuous filament yarn such as a polyester yarn, is provided with asheath in the form of a fiber roving, for example of viscose rayonstaple fiber or cotton. The present invention is directed to noveltyyarns of this known core type.

In accordance with this invention a novelty core yarn comprises acontinuous filamentary glass core provided with a sheath consisting of aroving of textile fibers having flame-resistant properties.

For the purposes of the present invention, a fiber is defined as beingflame-resistant when, in the form of a woven or knitted fabric composedentirely of the fiber, it satisfies the requirements of Clause 3 ofBritish Standard 3120:1959 when tested according to British Standard3119:1959, or, when tested by the AATCC Test Method 33-1962, isclassified as Class 1(a) as defined in paragraph 9.1.1. thereof.

The flame-resistant fiber may be one having an inherent, built-in flameresistance, for example modacrylic fibers such as those based oncopolymers of acrylonitrile with vinylidene chloride and/or vinylchloride. Examples of such fibers are those based on acetone-solublecopolymers containing from about 45-55 parts by weight of acrylonitrileand from about 55 to 45 parts by weight of vinylidene chloride, andthose containing from about 55 to 75 parts by weight of acrylonitrileand from about 45 to parts by weight of vinyl chloride. Alternatively,the fiber may be a stan dard form of textile fiber, such as a viscoserayon or cellulose acetate fiber, containing a flame-proofing agent suchas tri-chlorethyl phosphate or a tris-dibromopropyl phosphate, forexample tris- 2:3 dibromopropyl phosphate. Examples of such fibers aredescribed in British Patent Specifications Nos. 958,120 and 1,158,231.

The glass filament core may be a yarn consisting ofa bundle ofsubstantially parallel continuous glass filaments but preferably thecore consists of a bundle of filaments which have been texturized forexample by passage through an air jet as described in US. Pat. No.2,783,609. The use of a textured glass filament core gives improvedcohesion between the core and the sheath roving. The glass fibers in thecore yarn are preferably of low filament denier, that is to say lessthan I denier, although other glass fibers may be used. The glass fibermay be the commercially-available beta glass fibers of A denier.

The core yarns of the present invention using flameresistant fiberrovings are particularly suitable for making dimensionally-stablefabrics for use in making non inflammable garments, for exampleoveralls, firefighting apparel and safety apparel for use by foundryworkers, welders, chemical and refinery workers, explosive industryworkers, racing drivers and air-line workers. The particular combinationof core and sheath in the yarn ensures that the fabric has very goodprotection from flame, radiant heat and molten metal, and alsochemicals, while at the same time preserving good textile properties ofdrape and flexibility. When flame is applied to such a fabric, neithercomponent ignites and the glass core does not shrink from the flame;hence the glass core always provides a protective noninflammableframework. The advantage of having a f textile sheath on the core isthat it protects the glass from abrasion and provides bulk, cover andother aesthetic properties such as fabric handle which a fabric composedof glass filaments only would not possess. .It also enables the coreyarn and fabrics made from them to be dyed easily to any shade. Thefabrics can also be readily laundered and dry cleaned.

. The invention is illustrated by the following Examples:

EXAMPLE 1 The yarn used as the core was a 300 denier continuous filamentbeta glass yarn (individual filament denier which had been texturized inan air jet as described in US. Pat. No. 2,783,609.

The sheath roving consisted of two ends of 2 hank, 2 denier 6 cm. staplefiber composed of a copolymer of approximately equal parts by weight ofacrylonitrile and vinylidene chloride.

The sheath roving was spun on a ring frame with the glass coreintroduced at the front rollers of the apron drafting system. Thecomposite yarn was twisted to give a yarn with a final count of I/l0scotton count.

The core yarn obtained was woven using the yarn folded for warp and weftin both plain and twill weaves with approximately 17 ends per centimeterand 14 picks per centimeter. When a flame was applied to the fabrics,the fabric net-work remained intact and the flame did not penetrate thefabric. Similarly, when molten metal was dropped on to the fabric, themolten metal did not penetrate. The fabric had excellent stability towashing.

EXAMPLE 2 The fabric was a plain woven fabric consisting of a warp of 2/l0s cotton count core-spun textured beta glass 300 denier core with asheath roving as described in Example 1, and a l/l0s cotton count weftspun in the same manner as described in Example 1; the fabric had 17ends per cm. and 16 picks per cm.

The fabric obtained has been successfully used for racing drivers 5non-inflammable overalls.

EXAMPLE 3 The fabric in this case was made as described in 2 2 but,instead of using a doubled warp, a single l0s cotton count was usedasthe warp. The fabric so produced was more flexible and lighter in weightthan that of Example 2 but had similar non-inflammable properties.

What is claimed is:

1. A novelty core yarn consisting essentially of a continuousfilamentary glass core provided with a sheath of a roving of modacrylictextile fibers having inherent, built-in flame-resistance and composedof a copolymer selected from the group consisting of (a) acrylonitrileand vinylidene chloride, (b) acrylonitrile and vinyl 3 4 chloride and(c) acrylonitrile and vinylidene chloride a roving of fibers composed ofan acetone-soluble and vinyl chloride. copolymer of acrylonitrile andvinylidene chloride.

A core yam as Claimed in Claim wherein the 4. A core yarn as claimed inclaim3wherein the core yam conslsts of textunzefl glass filaments yarnconsists of texturized glass filaments.

31A novelty core yarn consisting essentially of a con- 5 tinuousfilamentary glass core provided with a sheath of

2. A core yarn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the core yarn consists oftexturized glass filaments.
 3. A novelty core yarn consistingessentially of a continuous filamentary glass core provided with asheath of a roving of fibers composed of an acetone-soluble copolymer ofacrylonitrile and vinylidene chloride.
 4. A core yarn as claimed inclaim 3 wherein the core yarn consists of texturized glass filaments.